Amitaj4u's Blog

amitaj4u — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 12:47:18 +0000

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ZERO LIMITS

amitaj4u — Wed, 21 Jul 2010 07:57:21 +0000

Today, It took me a whole morning to complete reading the book “Zero limits” from Joe Vitale. In one word, it is a great and miraculous book.

The core view from this book is we shall take 100% responsibility for our lives. It is just ourselves that create the world NOW. We can change the outside world through heal ourselves first.

The way introduced in this book to change anything in your life includes only four sentences:

1. I am sorry
2. Please forgive me
3. I love you
4. Thank you

Whenever you come across trouble or want to help others or change others, get calm and try to find within you what create the trouble in you or your friends. practice these four sentences over and over to get a peaceful mind, and then trouble will be solved.

You need not directly solve the problems, what you should do is to check your within and heal yourself.

The basic principles are:

1.You don’t have a clue what is going on

2. You don’t have control over everything.

3. You can heal whatever comes your way.

4. You are 100 percent responsible for all you experience.

5. Your ticket to zero limits is saying the phrase “I love
you.”

6. Inspiration is more important than intention.

To tell the truth, it is really difficult to accept all the views from the book at first. for example, we can change others through changing ourselves using the simple four sentences above.

But it is lucky for me that the book “the astonished power of emotions” has taught me some spiritual experience above us. so little by little, I get to accept the belief from the book above.

But one thing should be mentioned that it is just the people or things that come into our lives should lay to my charge, not all the people or things.

WAY TO IMPROVE YOUR LAPTOP”S BATTERY LIFE

amitaj4u — Sun, 18 Jul 2010 12:35:55 +0000

Ways to Improve Your Laptop’s Battery Life

1. Ship shape with a defrag

Regular defragmentation helps to arrange data more efficiently thus making the hard drive work less to access the data. The quicker the moving hard drive works lesser is the load placed on the battery. Thus, your batter can last longer. The effect is minimal, but this efficiency goes hand in glove with hard drive maintenance.

2. Kill the resource gobblers

End the background processes that are not vital. Monitor the resource usage through a ‘Ctrl-Alt-Del’ which brings up the Windows Task Manager (in Windows). If you’re not on the internet, it is safe to shut down the immediate non-essential programs running in the taskbar like the antivirus and the firewall. Weed out unnecessary programs running as start-ups by launching the System Configuration Utility from Run – Msconfig – Tab: Startup. Uncheck the programs which you don’t want to launch and reboot the computer once.

3. Pause the scheduled tasks

It may be a defrag or a virus scan, but make sure it is scheduled for a time when you are near a power outlet. If not then nix them for the moment.

4. Unplug external devices

USB devices are the biggest drainers of battery power. Unplug all external devices like an external mouse, PC cards, Wi-Fi, external speakers, Bluetooth and even an attached iPod.

5. Empty the CD/DVD Drives

Even if you don’t intend to use it, don’t leave any CD/DVDs as leftovers in the drives. A spinning drive sucks battery power like a sponge.

6. Go local

Desist using the DVD/external drives while running on batteries. Shift the content to the hard drive or run using (free) virtual drives like Pismo File Mount or even Microsoft’s Virtual CD ROM Control Panel.

7. Lower the lights

The LCD screen of a laptop is another huge power sink. Calibrate the brightness to the lowest level you can tolerate using the Function key toggles or using the Display Settings applet in the Control Panel.

8. Kill the sounds

Mute the speakers and try avoiding the use of multimedia software to maximize the battery life. Installed sound schemes also drain a battery perceptibly.

9. Rid the screensaver

To maximize battery life by a little, switch off the screensaver.

10. Visit Power Options

Get familiar with power management through the ‘Power Options’ applet in the Control Panel. Both XP and Vista come with advanced power management features which shut off components like the monitor and/or the hard drive after specified intervals. This again depends on the chosen ‘Power Schemes’ (for XP) in the same applet. For instance in XP, ‘Max Battery’ under Power Schemes can be selected for maximum battery optimization.

Similar settings can be found under ‘Mobile PC’ in the Control Panel of Vista.

11. Turn off the looks

Today’s OS’s like Windows Vista come with features like ‘Aero Glass’ which are resource guzzlers. One can turn it off and go for the ‘Classic’ appearance which consumes less power. In Vista, click on Desktop – Preferences – View Colour – Appearance – Classic Appearance and Windows Basic graphical interface. In XP it’s – Display Properties – Theme – Windows Classic.

Linux and even Macintosh are better optimized for longer battery life.

12. Hibernate is better than Sleep

In the Stand By mode (or sleep mode), the computer turns of the hard drive and the display but memory remains active while the CPU slows down. This draws on the battery. In contrast, hibernation mode is better because the computer saves the current state and shuts itself down completely thus saving power.

13. Get the most…work on the least

Working on too many programs while on the battery is a sure fire power drainer. Keep use of graphic intensive applications to a minimum. Working on a spreadsheet consumes much less than playing your favourite game. To increase the life of the battery open just one or two programs concurrently.

14. Ram in more RAM

Adequate RAM reduces the load on Virtual memory which by default resides on the hard drive. Though every extra bit of RAM uses up more power, it increases overall savings by short cutting access to the power hungry hard drive.

15. Keep it clean

A laptop with blocked air vents will generate more heat thus reducing the life of the battery. Clean the air vents regularly to keep operating temperatures low. Allow for open space around the vents for air to circulate freely. Keep the area around the laptop clean to avoid entry of dust.

16. Temperature is a silent killer

Undue heat kills off a battery slowly but surely. Avoid leaving the laptop under direct sunlight or inside a closed car.

17. Avoid the memory effect

A problem more for the older Ni-MH batteries than for Li-Ion batteries on which most modern laptops run. Memory effect relates to the loss of battery charge when they are repeatedly recharged after being only partially discharged. It can be prevented by discharging the battery fully and then completely recharging it. Li-Ion batteries on the other hand have no problems with partial discharges and re-charges and complete discharge is never recommended for this type.

18. Update software and drivers

This sounds a bit incongruous but then newer drivers and software are often designed to be more efficient (and hopefully less resource hungry).

19. Use the right adapter

Ensure that the adapter you use to charge the laptop battery is an original one or one with the correct specifications. A mismatch in the wattage could cause an overload thus damaging the laptop and the battery.

20. Pack it up

If you don’t plan to use the laptop on batteries for quite some time, ensure that the charge is nearly 40 percent – remove the batteries and store it in a cool place.

A typical lithium ion battery has an overall average life of 2-3 years. With some care and caution, its mortality can be delayed.

If you use your laptop on battery power, you’ll know how annyoing it is to lose battery power at the “worst time”. While I can’t guarantee your laptop will lose power at a more convenient time, I can offer ten ways to improve your laptop battery’s life. Learn, in this guide, how to save power when running on batteries. Skip to the end for a bonus energy efficiency tip.

Note: This guide is written for Windows 7 but most tips apply for Windows Vista.

10 Ways to Save Battery Power

Here’s 10 ways to save your laptop battery’s power:

1. Turn Down Screen Brightness

To turn down screen brightness, click the battery icon in the system tray and click Adjust screen brightness.

Slide the brightness slider to the left until you can comfortably see the screen and it’s dimmest setting.

2. Cut Down on Background Applications

Many background applications don’t need to run and only increase CPU cycles and, in turn, the demand on your battery. Here’s a couple of things you can do to cut down on background applications:

2a. Disable Windows Sidebar Gadgets

If you don’t use the sidebar, you probably have it disabled already (right click the Windows Sidebar icon in the system tray and click Exit.)

If you use the Windows Sidebar, do you really need all your gadgets running when you’re on battery power? To disable Windows Sidebar gadgets:

Click the Start button and click Control Panel. Type gadget in the top-right search box, and click View list of running gadgets.

Next to the running gadgets, click remove.

2b. Diable Startup applications

To disable uneccessary startup applications, follow this guide.

3. Disable Your Wireless Internet & Bluetooth

If you’re not using the internet or Bluetooth, consider disabling the hardware to save battery power. To disable your wireless, bluetooth, or both cards, either:

A. Locate the switch on the side of your laptop (many laptops now have this) and turn your cards off.

B. Click the network icon in the system tray and click Open Network and Sharing Center.

In the left-hand menu, click Change adapter settings.

Right click your wireless connection and click Disable.

Repeat for your Bluetooth device.

4. Disable Screensavers

Screensavers use CPU when your PC is idle. To disable your screensaver:

Right click the Desktop and click Personalize.

Click Screen Saver.

In the drop down list, select (None) and click OK.

5. Change Power Options

You what your computer does to save power when idle. To do so, click the battery icon in the system tray and click More power options.

Select Power saver and click Change plan settings.

Lower the time it takes for your computer to dim the display, turn off the display, and sleep when on battery.

Click Change advanced power settings to fine tune your power-saving preferences.

6. Adjust Visual Effects

Visual effects also use CPU and memory and this drains your battery. To lower the effects and save battery power:

Click the Start button, click Control Panel, and type visual in the top-right search box. Click Adjust the appearance and performance of Windows.

Select Adjust for best performance and click OK.

7. Turn off Windows Aero

Windows Aero enables the glass effect you see on your Windows. This (surprise surprise) also uses CPU and memory and should be disabled to save battery. To disable Windows Aero:

Right click the desktop and click Personalization. Click Window Color.

Uncheck Enable transparency and click OK.

8. Disable the Search Index

The search index indexes your files for quick searching. This is a convenience but comes at a great cost to battery life when it’s running. To save power, consider disabling the search index. To disable the search index:

Click the Start button, click Control Panel, and type index in the top-right search box. Click Change how Windows searches.

Click Modify.

Remove all locations by unchecking them and click OK.

9. Keep Your Laptop Cool

The hotter your laptop gets, the harder your fans have to work to keep it cool. To minimize the power drawn by your fans, keep your laptop cool. If using it on your laptop, ensure there is proper ventilation. Never use your laptop on a blanket or soft surface where airflow is restricted. This will also keep your laptop working longer as hardware is less likely to overheat and fail.

10. Only Use Your Screen When You Need it

This final tip links back to tip number 5. When in the power options, click Choose what closing the lid does. I always set the lid closing to do nothing and the power button to put the laptop to sleep. This way, when I’m taking a break, I can put my laptop lid down (which turns off the display and saves power) without my laptop going to sleep. I’m also lucky because my laptop has a Display button that, when pressed, turns off my display. I found this button very useful when I sat in class and didn’t need to use my laptop but didn’t want to close and open the lid repeatedly.

Bonus Tip

To get a power efficiency report:

Click Start, type CMD, right click cmd.exe and click Run as Administrator.
On the command line, type powercfg -energy to view a power efficiency report.

InTeL

amitaj4u — Sat, 17 Jul 2010 16:33:42 +0000

Intel Unveils World’s Most Advanced Chip-Making Process

HILLSBORO, Ore.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Aug. 13, 2002–Intel Corporation today unveiled several technology breakthroughs that the company has integrated into its new 90-nanometer (nm) process, the most advanced semiconductor manufacturing process in the industry. Intel already has used this process to build record-breaking silicon structures and memory chips. Intel will put this process into volume manufacturing next year using 300 mm wafers.

This new 90 nm (a nanometer is one-billionth of a meter) process combines higher-performance, lower-power transistors, strained silicon, high-speed copper interconnects and a new low-k dielectric material. This is the first time all of these technologies will be integrated into a single manufacturing process.

“While some are slowly transitioning production to 130 nm (0.13 micron) process on 200 mm wafers, we are moving ahead with the most advanced 90 nm technology exclusively on 300 mm wafers,” said Dr. Sunlin Chou, senior vice president and general manager of Intel’s Technology and Manufacturing Group. “This combination will allow Intel to make better products and reduce manufacturing costs.”

For more than a decade, Intel has been driving the pace of Moore’s Law by introducing a new process generation every two years. The 90 nm process is the next generation after the 0.13 micron process, which Intel is using today to make the bulk of its microprocessors.

Technology Breakthroughs

Advanced transistors: Intel’s new 90 nm process will feature transistors measuring only 50 nm in length (gate length), which will be the smallest, highest performing CMOS transistors in production. By comparison, the most advanced transistors in production today, found in Intel® Pentium® 4 processors, measure 60 nm. Small, fast transistors are the building blocks for very fast processors. These transistors feature gate oxides that are only five atomic layers thick (1.2 nm). A thin gate oxide increases transistor speed.

Strained silicon: Intel has integrated its own implementation of high-performance strained silicon into this process. By using strained silicon, current flows more smoothly, increasing the speed of the transistors. This will be the first process in the industry to implement strained silicon in production.

Copper interconnects with new Low-k dielectric: The process also integrates a new carbon-doped oxide (CDO) dielectric material that increases signal speed inside the chip and reduces chip power consumption. This dielectric is implemented in a simple, two-layer stack design, which is easy to manufacture.

Process Breaks Records

In February Intel used its 90 nm process to make the world’s highest capacity SRAM chips at 52 megabits (capable of storing 52 million individual bits of information). These fully functional chips pack 330 million transistors in an area measuring only 109 square millimeters — about the size of a fingernail.

These chips also implement an industry-leading SRAM cell size, measuring only one square micron — a milestone long coveted by silicon designers and manufacturers. By comparison, a red blood cell is about 100 times larger. Small SRAM cells allow for the integration of larger data caches in processors, which increase performance. These semiconductor devices were manufactured at Intel’s 300 mm development fab (called D1C) in Hillsboro, Oregon, where the process was developed.

“Intel’s 90 nm process is very healthy today and we are routinely producing these wafers and chips in our development fab,” said Mark Bohr, Intel Fellow and director of process architecture and integration. “By next year, we will be the first company to have a 90 nm process in volume manufacturing.”

Other Process Details

Intel’s 90 nm process also integrates seven layers of high-speed copper interconnects, which increase processor performance. A combination of 248 nm and 193 nm wavelength lithography equipment is used for this process. The company also expects to reuse about 75 percent of the process tools used on its current 300 mm version of its 0.13 micron process, lowering implementation costs and ensuring a mature tool set for the manufacturing ramp. The 90 nm process will be ramped into high volume in D1C and transferred to other 300 mm manufacturing fabs starting next year.

Intel expects to have three 300 mm wafer fabs using the 90 nm process by 2003. One of the first commercial chips to be made on Intel’s process will be the processor codenamed Prescott, which is based on the Intel® NetBurst(TM) micro-architecture and will be introduced in second half of 2003.

amitaj4u — Thu, 15 Jul 2010 11:24:56 +0000

How The Oracle Database Processes SQL Statements

The Oracle Database Concepts is a great resource not only if you are just getting started with Oracle, but also if you are an experienced Oracle professional and looking to review the basic concepts that are often forgotten or hidden behind more complex topics. The foundation of complexity is simplicity.

While researching a topic related to FIPS (that I’ll blog about soon), I came across this simple but fundamental concept in non other than the Oracle Database Concepts manual: SQL statement execution. The following is a summary of how Oracle processes SQL statements. First the flowchart followed by a brief explanation of each step.

Step 1: Create a Cursor

Cursor creation can either occur implicitly or be explicitly declared.

Step 2: Parse the Statement

What is parsing? Parsing is the process of:

Translating a SQL statement, verifying it to be a valid statement
Performing data dictionary lookups to check table and column definitions
Acquiring parse locks on required objects so that their definitions do not change during the statement’s parsing
Checking privileges to access referenced schema objects
Determining the optimal execution plan for the statement
Loading it into a shared SQL area
Routing all or part of distributed statements to remote nodes that contain referenced data

If a similar SQL statement exists in the shared pool, Oracle skips the parsing step. A SQL statement is parsed once no matter how many times the statement is run. As you can see, parsing does many things and consumes time and resources. You should always aim at minimizing parsing when writing SQL.

Step 3: Describe Results of a Query

This step is performed in the case of a query (SELECT) processing. The describe step determines the characteristics (datatypes, lengths, and names) of a query’s result.

Step 4: Define Output of a Query

This step is performed in the case of a query (SELECT) processing. In this step, you specify the location, size, and datatype of variables defined to receive each fetched value. These variables are called define variables. Oracle performs datatype conversion if necessary.

Step 5: Bind Any Variables

At this point, Oracle knows the meaning of the SQL statement but still does not have enough information to run the statement. Oracle needs values for any variables listed in the statement. The process of obtaining these values is called binding variables.

Step 6: Parallelize the Statement

Oracle can parallelize DML and some DDL in this step.

Step 7: Run the Statement

At this point, Oracle has all necessary information and resources, so the statement is run. If it is an UPDATE or DELETE statement, however, all rows that the statement affects are locked from use by other users of the database until the next COMMIT, ROLLBACK, or SAVEPOINT for the transaction.

Step 8: Fetch Rows of a Query

This step is performed in the case of a query (SELECT) processing. The rows are selected and ordered (if requested by the query), and each successive fetch retrieves another row of the result until the last row has been fetched.

Step 9: Close the Cursor

What New in SQL Server 2008

SQL Server 2008 capabilities deliver on the four key areas of the data platform vision.

Mission-Critical Platform “ SQL Server 2008 enables IT groups to be more productive by providing a more secure, scalable, and manageable platform. It includes a new policy-based management framework that shifts from managing by scripts to managing by rules. SQL Server 2008 also protects valuable information in existing applications and disconnected devices. In addition, SQL Server 2008 delivers predictable query performance with an optimized platform.
Dynamic Development “ SQL Server 2008 along with the .NET Framework enables developers to build the next generation of applications. Developers are more productive because they work with business entities instead of tables and columns. They can build applications that enable users to take their data with them and synchronize their data with back-end servers.
Beyond Relational Data “ SQL Server 2008 enables developers to consume any type of data, from XML to documents, and build applications that incorporate location awareness.
Pervasive Business Insight “ SQL Server 2008 provides a scalable infrastructure that can manage reports and analysis of any size or complexity while at the same time empowering users because of its close integration with the Microsoft Office System. This enables IT to drive business intelligence throughout the organization. SQL Server 2008 makes great strides in data warehousing, enabling users to consolidate data marts in an enterprise data warehouse.

The last step of processing a SQL statement is to close the cursor.

ORACAL DATABASE

amitaj4u — Wed, 14 Jul 2010 09:26:42 +0000

The Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is a relational database management system (RDBMS) produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation. As of 2010, Oracle remains a major presence in database computing.

Larry Ellison and his friends and former co-workers Bob Miner and Ed Oates started the consultancy Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977. SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name Oracle comes from the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while previously employed by Ampex.

Physical and logical structures

An Oracle database system—identified by an alphanumeric system identifier or SID—comprises at least one instance of the application, along with data storage. An instance—identified persistently by an instantiation number (or activation id: SYS.V_$DATABASE.ACTIVATION#)—comprises a set of operating-system processes and memory-structures that interact with the storage. Typical processes include PMON (the process monitor) and SMON (the system monitor).

Users of the Oracle databases refer to the server-side memory-structure as the SGA (System Global Area). The SGA typically holds cache information such as data-buffers, SQL commands, and user information. In addition to storage, the database consists of online redo logs (or logs), which hold transactional history. Processes can in turn archive the online redo logs into archive logs (offline redo logs), which provide the basis (if necessary) for data recovery and for some forms of data replication.

If the Oracle database administrator has implemented Oracle RAC (Real Application Clusters), then multiple instances, usually on different servers, attach to a central storage array. This scenario offers advantages such as better performance, scalability and redundancy. However, support becomes more complex, and many sites do not use RAC. In version 10g, grid computing introduced shared resources where an instance can use (for example) CPU resources from another node (computer) in the grid.

The Oracle DBMS can store and execute stored procedures and functions within itself. PL/SQL (Oracle Corporation’s proprietary procedural extension to SQL), or the object-oriented language Java can invoke such code objects and/or provide the programming structures for writing them. Oracle Launches Database 11g Release 2 at GITEX 2009

Oracle recently released its new generation of database at GITEX 2009 event. Oracle Database 11g helps organizations deliver better information throughout the enterprise, at a higher quality of service, and at a much lower cost.
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) delivers grid plug and play and new server pooling capabilities that enable organizations to reduce their server costs by streamlining the provisioning and management of consolidated database grids. Oracle RAC One Node is a solution that allows customers to more easily consolidate their less mission critical database environments on the grid with most of the redundancy and availability provided by Oracle Real Application Clusters.

“world dangerous”:-ROADS (via Amitaj4u’s Blog)

amitaj4u — Sun, 11 Jul 2010 15:22:07 +0000

ya……..this one best

The magnificent tunnel road in the Taihang mountains was built by 13 local villagers headed by their chief, Shen Mingxin, and took around five years to finish. Many villagers lost their lives in accidents during construction of the tunnel but the others continued relentlessly. The tunnel was opened to traffic on May 1st, 1977. The 1200 meter long tunnel is about 5 meters high and 4 meters wide. It is located in the Henan Province of China. The Gu … Read More

via Amitaj4u's Blog

“world dangerous”:-ROADS

amitaj4u — Sun, 11 Jul 2010 15:07:31 +0000

The magnificent tunnel road in the Taihang mountains was built by 13 local villagers headed by their chief, Shen Mingxin, and took around five years to finish. Many villagers lost their lives in accidents during construction of the tunnel but the others continued relentlessly. The tunnel was opened to traffic on May 1st, 1977. The 1200 meter long tunnel is about 5 meters high and 4 meters wide. It is located in the Henan Province of China. The Guoliang tunnel is another addition to most dangerous and complicated roads to travel. Dubbed as “the road that does not tolerate any mistakes”, most accidents in the tunnel are primarily caused by the neglect of the traveler. Nonetheless, it is an extremely scenic route and is a key destination on the Chinese tour.

The Road of death, Bolivia

in Los Angeles, CA and is one of the most complicated interchanges in the country. It permits entry and exit in all directions between the I-105 and the I-110. It’s a stack interchange with layers of bridges making a complicated network of roads allowing smooth flow of traffic though both the interstate highways. This interchange was opened in 1993. It is a 4 level interchange with a restricted access lane that can be used by high-occupancy vehicles.

Russia’s Lena Highway, the Highway from Hell

The last 600 miles of the Russian Federal Highway from Moscow city to the Siberian city of Yakutsk is called the “Lena Highway”. This bizarre road runs parallel to the River Lena on the final leg to Yakutsk. As if the road of mud was not a big problem, Yakutsk is considered one of the the coldest cities on earth, with January temperatures averaging -45 °F. But surprisingly, it is only in the summertime that the road becomes impassable. Whenever it rains in summer, the road virtually becomes a slush pit making it impossible for the vehicles to pass through it. This being the only road to Yakutsk makes the traffic heavy and even more ncomplicated to negotiate.

Hello world!

amitaj4u — Sat, 16 Jan 2010 20:26:17 +0000

Welcome to WordPress.com. This is your first post. Edit or delete it and start blogging!